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1. The joints along the bottom of the ditch or prefabricated gutters, cracks at the junction of the roof and the gutter, and water leakage at the bottom of the ditch.

Cause Analysis:

The structure of gutters and gutters is deformed, the temperature difference deformation causes cracks, the waterproof structure layer does not meet the requirements, and the diameter of the water drop cup is too small or blocked to cause overflow and leakage.

Pre-control measures or methods:

Before the construction of the waterproof layer in the ditch, first check whether the joints of the prefabricated gutter and the joints of the roof base are tight and smooth. The drip cup must be installed, the drainage slope should not be less than 1%, and the internal corners of the bottom of the trench should be painted in a circular arc. , The external corners of the corners should be smeared into obtuse angles, and the coating film of the same nature as the coiled material should be used as the waterproof enhancement layer. The coiled material strips with a width of 200mm should be laid at the junction of the ditch and the roof. The waterproof coiled material must be spread to the top of the gutter. surface. See the following figure for practice.

1—waterproof layer; 2—additional layer; 3—sealing material; 4—dry-laid coil

2. Leakage at the roof gable and parapet flooding.

Cause Analysis:

1) The structure of the material receiving head is unreasonable, the opening of the coil is not fastened, and the sealing part is not sealed with a sealing material or is not tightly closed.

2) The plastering layer of the parapet wall cracks, and rainwater enters along the wall;

3) The plaster layer of eyebrow bricks is cracked or the post-pouring concrete eaves cracks.

Pre-control measures or methods:

When the height of the brick parapet wall is low, the coiled material can be directly laid under the parapet roof, fixed with metal battens and nailed, and sealed tightly with sealing material. The upper part of the pressure roof is plastered and the slope end is wiped with dripping water.

3. Leakage of roof water drop.

Cause Analysis:

1) Return slope;

2) The water drop is not installed firmly, the caulking is not tight, and it is not sealed;

3) The practice of waterproof layer and additional layer is incorrect.

Pre-control measures or methods:

1) The position, elevation, and slope direction of the nozzle should be correct when installing. The elevation should not be too high or too low. The elevation of the water fall should consider the drainage slope and the thickness of the leveling layer, insulation layer, and waterproof layer;

2) When installing the water drop, it shall be densely packed with fine stone concrete (adding expansion agent) around the parapet wall or roof panel, and the installation is firm;

3) The slope within the diameter range of 500mm around the nozzle should not be less than 5%, and the groove between the nozzle and the base layer should be 20mm wide and 20mm deep, and the sealing material should be embedded. See below

4. Water leakage at roof deformation joints (double wall deformation joints, high and low span deformation joints).

Cause Analysis:

1) The construction method of roof deformation joints is not constructed according to the design requirements;

2) The joints of the roof deformation joints of the prefabricated concrete pressing plates are not caulked with sealing materials or cracked due to plastering;

3) The welding seam of the lap joint of the metal pressing plate is opened.

Pre-control measures or methods:

1) The roof deformation joints should be carefully constructed according to the design requirements, while meeting the requirements of deformation and expansion;

2) Each joint of the precast concrete pressing plate should be filled with sealing paste, and flooding should be done to find the slope when plastering;

3) When the galvanized steel sheet is used for topping, the seams should be crimped or welded firmly. When the deformation seam intersects with the parapet wall, the metal plates should be intersected.

5. Leakage at the root of the pipe extending out of the roof.

Cause Analysis:

1) There is no 20×20mm groove embedded sealing material left at the root of the roof pipe and the leveling layer;

2) The method of waterproof additional layer is not fine;

3) No hoop is added to the upper end of the waterproof coil, and the coil is aging, cracking and peeling.

Pre-control measures or methods:

1) The leveling layer that extends around the roof pipe should be smeared into a truncated cone, and a 20×20mm groove should be left between the pipe and the leveling layer, and the sealing material should be used to fill it tightly;

2) The additional layer of tube root coil must be constructed in strict accordance with the process. Two additional layers, half of one layer is cut into strips and pasted with the base layer, and the other half is rolled on the root of the tube (height greater than 250mm) with no less than overlap 100mm, another additional layer is laminated on the sawtooth to block the gap;

3) The head of the waterproof coiled material must be tightened with a metal hoop and sealed with a sealing material.

6. The layered coil is raised.

Cause Analysis:

1) The waterproof layer of the membrane is not well bonded;

2) There is moisture and gas in the parts where the waterproof layer of the membrane is not properly bonded. The moisture comes from the leveling layer, and the water content in the cast-in-situ slope-finding layer and the thermal insulation layer is too high. When it is exposed to the sun, the volume expands, causing the coil to bubble.

Pre-control measures or methods:

1) Before laying the waterproof layer, the base layer should be clean and dry;

2) When it is difficult to dry the base layer, exhaust measures should be adopted. The main approach:

a. Use the partitioned seams of the slope finding and leveling layer as the exhaust steam passage. When making the exhaust steam passage, the partition joints should be appropriately widened to 30mm. The exhaust pipe is at the intersection of the partition joints and the highest point of the slope. The opening should be set at the ventilation duct or parapet. When laying the coiled material, an additional layer should be added at the split seam, and the width should be 100mm. Generally, the additional layer of coiled material should be folded up, half of which is glued to the base layer, and the other half is empty. In this way, the tensile strength of the coil can be fully exerted, and the service life can be extended, and then a large area of waterproof coil can be laid.

b. The exhaust steam channel is vertically and horizontally connected, and the spacing should be 6m, and it should be connected to the exhaust hole. The exhaust hole should be waterproofed.